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ELECTRICAL TRACTION

                             ELECTRICAL TRACTION :

ELECTRIC TRACTION :
           Electric traction means a locomotion in which the driving force is derived from electric motors.  There are many advantages of electric traction over other forms of jocomotion in the current days of traction in any country of development.  In fact, it is a fast-paced, safest and economical way of transporting and transporting goods to the modern day. In this type of drive the locomotive is equiped with a d.c series motor or ac series motor or three phase induction motor. The electric energy is directly fed into the motor and torque developed by the propelling the train.

                            TRACTION SYSTEMS :

The most commonly used traction methods are as follows.
1.  Steam engine drive 
2. Internal combustion engine drive 
3. Battery electric drive 
4. Internal combustion engine electric drive 
5. Electric drive


              IDEAL TRACTION SYSTEM OF REQUIREMENTS :

1.The unit must be compact and self-contained and capable of running any route.  
2. The unit should develop high starting torque.  
3. The system should withstand sudden overloads.              4. Efficiency should be high.  
5. The initial and running cost of the system should be low.  6. The track should be a minimum.  
7. The system should have easy speed control.  
8. The system should not interfere with the existing telephone system 
9. The braking system should not cause excessive wear and tear on brake shoes.

                                   Advantages :

1. Due to the smoke and dust of absence, it is very clean. 2.Maintenance and repair costs are about 50% off that steam locomotive. 
 3. Maintenance and repair for time required is comparatively low. 
4. It can be put into service immediately. 
 5. The drive of this type is the high traffic density route for most. 
 6. Traction motors can withstand high loads. 
 7. Traction motors develop a continuous torque which results in smooth acceleration of any jerks. 
 8. Electric braking is superior to mechanical braking as it avoids wear on wheels, brake shoes and track. 
 9. Lines and Fans of Electrical Energy Required The lines can be drawn directly from the rail. Therefore, no generator is required.
10. High-grade coal which saves electric traction helps our country in limited quantities.

                                   Disadvantages :

1. Capital cost is very high. 
2. A failure in power supply may affect the entire system. 3.The electric traction system is a tied upto only electrified routes.
4. Where a.c supply is used for conventional, it causes interference to the telephone lines 
5. In cold climates the steam locomotive can be used for its steam to cheapen the compartment of the train cheaply.

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